TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2018//
TI  - Diffuse axonal injury after traumatic brain injury is a prognostic factor for functional outcome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
JO  - Brain injury
A1  - van Eijck, Marleen Maria
A1  - Schoonman, Guus Geurt
A1  - van der Naalt, Joukje
A1  - de Vries, Jolanda
A1  - Roks, Gerwin
SP  - 395
EP  - 402
VL  - 32
IS  - 4
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To determine the prognosis of adult patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and diffuse axonal injury (DAI). <br><br>METHODS: Online search (PubMed, Embase and Ovid Science Direct) of articles providing information about outcome in (1) patients with DAI in general, (2) DAI vs. non-DAI, (3) related to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) classification and (4) related to lesion location/load. A reference check and quality assessment were performed. <br><br>RESULTS: A total of 32 articles were included. TBI patients with DAI had a favourable outcome in 62%. The risk of unfavourable outcome in TBI with DAI was three times higher than in TBI without DAI. Odds ratio (OR) for unfavourable outcome was 2.9 per increase of DAI grade on MRI. Lesions located in the corpus callosum were associated with an unfavourable outcome. Other specific lesion locations and lesions count showed inconsistent results regarding outcome. Lesion volume was predictive for outcome only on apparent diffusion coefficient and fluid attenuation inversion recovery MRI sequences. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Presence of DAI on MRI in patients with TBI results in a higher chance of unfavourable outcome. With MRI grading, OR for unfavourable outcome increases threefold with every grade. Lesions in the corpus callosum in particular are associated with an unfavourable outcome.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0269-9052
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2018.1429018
ID  - ref1
ER  -