TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2018//
TI  - Pre-drinking and the temporal gradient of intoxication in a New Zealand nightlife environment
JO  - Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
A1  - Cameron, Michael P.
A1  - Roskruge, Matthew J.
A1  - Droste, Nic
A1  - Miller, Peter G.
SP  - 119
EP  - 125
VL  - 79
IS  - 1
N2  - OBJECTIVE: We measured changes in the average level of intoxication over time in the nighttime economy and identified the factors associated with intoxication, including pre-drinking. <br><br>METHOD: A random intercept sample of 320 pedestrians (105 women; 215 men) was interviewed and received breath alcohol analysis in the nighttime economy of Hamilton, New Zealand. Data were collected over a five-night period, between 7 P.M. and 2:30 A.M. Data were analyzed by plotting the moving average breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) over time and using linear regression models to identify the factors associated with BrAC. <br><br>RESULTS: Mean BrAC was 241.5 mcg/L for the full sample; 179.7 for women and 271.7 for men, which is a statistically significant difference. Mean BrAC was also significantly higher among those who engaged in pre-drinking than those who did not. In the regression models, time of night and pre-drinking were significantly associated with higher BrAC. The effect of pre-drinking on BrAC was larger for women than for men. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The average level of intoxication increases throughout the night. However, this masks a potentially important gender difference, in that women's intoxication levels stop increasing after midnight, whereas men's increase continuously through the night. Similarly, intoxication of pre-drinkers stops increasing from 11 P.M., although remaining higher than non-pre-drinkers throughout the night. Analysis of BrAC provides a more nuanced understanding of intoxication levels in the nighttime economy.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1937-1888
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -