TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2016//
TI  - Physical cryptographic verification of nuclear warheads
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
A1  - Kemp, R. Scott
A1  - Danagoulian, Areg
A1  - Macdonald, Ruaridh R.
A1  - Vavrek, Jayson R.
SP  - 8618
EP  - 8623
VL  - 113
IS  - 31
N2  - How does one prove a claim about a highly sensitive object such as a nuclear weapon without revealing information about the object? This paradox has challenged nuclear arms control for more than five decades. We present a mechanism in the form of an interactive proof system that can validate the structure and composition of an object, such as a nuclear warhead, to arbitrary precision without revealing either its structure or composition. We introduce a tomographic method that simultaneously resolves both the geometric and isotopic makeup of an object. We also introduce a method of protecting information using a provably secure cryptographic hash that does not rely on electronics or software. These techniques, when combined with a suitable protocol, constitute an interactive proof system that could reject hoax items and clear authentic warheads with excellent sensitivity in reasonably short measurement times.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0027-8424
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1603916113
ID  - ref1
ER  -