TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2016//
TI  - Comorbidity of cognitive impairment and late-life depression increase mortality: results from a cohort of community-dwelling elderly individuals in rural Greece
JO  - Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology
A1  - Georgakis, Marios K.
A1  - Papadopoulos, Fotios C.
A1  - Protogerou, Athanasios D.
A1  - Pagonari, Ioanna
A1  - Sarigianni, Fani
A1  - Biniaris-Georgallis, Stylianos-Iason
A1  - Kalogirou, Eleni I.
A1  - Thomopoulos, Thomas P.
A1  - Kapaki, Elisabeth
A1  - Papageorgiou, Charalampos
A1  - Papageorgiou, Socratis G.
A1  - Tousoulis, Dimitrios
A1  - Petridou, Eleni Th.
SP  - 195
EP  - 204
VL  - 29
IS  - 4
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of cognitive impairment (COGI) and depression with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular-specific mortality among community-dwelling elderly individuals in rural Greece. <br><br>METHODS: Cognition and depressive symptomatology of 676 Velestino town residents aged ≥60 years were assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), respectively. Eight-year all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality were explored by multivariate Cox regression models controlling for major confounders. <br><br>RESULTS: Two hundred and one patients died during follow-up. Cognitive impairment (MMSE ≤ 23) was independently associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-2.18) and cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1.57, 95%CI: 1.03-2.41). Moderate to severe depression (GDS > 10) was significantly associated only with a 51% increase in all-cause mortality. A male-specific association was noted for moderate to severe depression, whereas the effect of COGI was limited to females. Noteworthy, COGI and depression comorbidity, rather than their sole presence, increased all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality by 66% and 72%, respectively. The mortality effect of COGI was augmented among patients with depression and of depression among patients with COGI. <br><br>CONCLUSION: COGI and depression, 2 entities often coexisting among elderly individuals, appear to increase all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality. Gender-specific modes may prevail but their comorbidity should be carefully assessed, as it seems to represent an independent index of increased frailty, which eventually shortens life expectancy.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0891-9887
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891988716632913
ID  - ref1
ER  -