TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2015//
TI  - A case of human poisoning by grayanotoxins following honey ingestion - elucidation of the toxin profile by mass spectrometry
JO  - Food additives and contaminants: Part A, chemistry, analysis, control, exposure and risk assessment
A1  - These, Anja
A1  - Bodi, Dorina
A1  - Uecker, Samuel
A1  - Reimers, Katharina
A1  - Ronczka, Stefan
A1  - Preiss-Weigert, Angelika
A1  - Lahrssen-Wiederholt, Monika
SP  - 1674
EP  - 1684
VL  - 32
IS  - 10
N2  - High resolution mass spectrometry was applied to the detection of grayanotoxins (GrTx) in a contaminated honey sample. This sample was provided by a hospital due to the suspicion of intoxication after a patient had shown the typical symptoms of GrTx poisoning. The subsequent analysis proved the contamination with high amounts of GrTx and other toxins belonging to grayanane-type diterpenoids. This group of natural toxins is synthesised by the plant family Ericaceae and comprises more than 60 individual toxins, but only one compound is available as a reference standard. We applied a screening approach that easily confirms the presence or absence of GrTx without access to standards. By searching for predictable mass spectrometric fragment ions, including typical in-source fragments arising from collision induced dissociation during electrospray ionisation, the complete toxin profile was screened and allowed the mass spectrometric identification of 15 individual grayanotoxins. The potential of this approach is especially demonstrated by the fact that at least two of these toxins have not been previously described in the literature. A semi-quantitative estimation indicated a total toxin concentration of 358 mg kg(-1). An investigation of 49 honeys from the German retail market did not reveal the presence of GrTx.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1944-0049
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2015.1042410
ID  - ref1
ER  -