TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2014//
TI  - A comparison of adult outcomes for males compared to females following pediatric traumatic brain injury
JO  - Neuropsychology
A1  - Scott, Charis
A1  - McKinlay, Audrey
A1  - McLellan, Tracey
A1  - Britt, Eileen
A1  - Grace, Randolph
A1  - MacFarlane, Martin
SP  - 501
EP  - 508
VL  - 29
IS  - 4
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To identify the association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors and determine if these apply equally to males and females. <br><br>METHOD: The association between adult psychosocial functioning and childhood TBI for males and females was examined using groups with a history of childhood TBI (mild or moderate/severe) or orthopedic injury (injury age, 1-17, assessed 18-31 at >5 years postinjury), including rates of depression and anxiety disorders, substance abuse/dependence and offending behavior. Repeated-measures logistic regression was used to determine if the rates of internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors varied by group and sex. <br><br>RESULTS: Overall rates of problem behaviors were significantly greater for both moderate/severe TBI (OR = 4.00) and mild TBI (OR = 3.60) groups compared with orthopedic controls. Females were significantly more likely than males to report a history of internalizing problems (OR = 2.22), whereas males were more likely than females to report externalizing problems (OR = 2.10). The sex difference in internalizing/externalizing problems was found consistently across TBI groups and controls. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Childhood TBI is associated with psychosocial problems in adulthood, regardless of injury severity. How deficits are expressed differs between the sexes, with important implications for interventions strategies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0894-4105
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/neu0000074
ID  - ref1
ER  -