TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2014//
TI  - Kinematic and dynamic biomechanical values in relation to muscle activity during contact head impact
JO  - Neuro endocrinology letters
A1  - Fanta, Ondrej
A1  - Boucek, Jan
A1  - Hadraba, Daniel
A1  - Billich, Richard
A1  - Kubovy, Petr
A1  - Jelen, Karel
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - 35
IS  - 4
N2  - OBJECTIVE: For the evaluation of neck injury the relative distance was observed between a marker placed on the forehead and a marker placed on the shoulder and also by change of the angle. To compare the severity of head injury a value of maximum head acceleration was used, HIC and a 3 ms criterion. All criteria were related to the activity of musculus sternocleidomastoideus and musculus trapezius in a situation of expected or unexpected contact impact. <br><br>MATERIALS AND METHODS: The situation was recorded using a Qualisys system, head acceleration of probands in three axes was recorded using the accelerometer, activity of neck muscles was monitored by a mobile EMG. <br><br>RESULTS: Maximum head acceleration was 5.61 g for non-visual and 5.03 g for visual. HIC36 was 6.65 non visual and 5.97 for visual. 3-ms criterion was 5.37 g for non-visual and 4.89 g for visual and max. force was 291 N for non-visual and 314 N for visual. The average time of muscle activation of the observed group without visual perception is 0.355 s after hitting an obstacle, with visual perception 0.085 s before the crash. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Kinematic values indicate more favourable parameters for neck injuries for visual. Head injury criteria show an average decrease of about 10% for visual. We can conclude that the visual perception means a significant increase in pre-activation of the observed muscle group of almost 745% and lower activation in following phase of approximately 90%.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0172-780X
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -