TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2014//
TI  - Mean girls: Sex differences in the effects of mild traumatic brain injury on the social dynamics of juvenile rat play behaviour
JO  - Behavioural brain research
A1  - Esser, Michael J.
A1  - Farran, A.
A1  - Hehar, Harleen
A1  - Mychasiuk, R.
SP  - 284
EP  - 291
VL  - 259
IS  - 
N2  - Clinical studies indicate that children who experience a traumatic brain injury (TBI) are often the victim of peer rejection, have very few mutual friends, and are at risk for long-term behavioural and social impairments. Owing to the fact that peer play is critical for healthy development, it is possible that the long-term impairments are associated not only with the TBI, but also altered play during this critical period of brain development. This study was designed to determine if social dynamics and juvenile play are altered in rats that experience a mild TBI (mTBI) early in life. Play-fighting behaviours were recorded and analyzed for young male and female Sprague Dawley rats that were given either a mTBI or a sham injury. The study found that the presence of a mTBI altered the play fighting relationship, and the nature of the alterations were dependent upon the sex of the pairing and the injury status of their peers. Sham rats were significantly less likely to initiate play with a mTBI rat, and were more likely to respond to a play initiation from a mTBI rat with an avoidant strategy. This effect was significantly more pronounced in female rats, whereby it appeared that female rats with a mTBI were particularly rejected and most often excluded from play experiences. Male rats with a mTBI learned normal play strategies from their sham peers (when housed in mixed cages), whereas female rats with a mTBI show heightened impairment in these conditions. Play therapy may need to be incorporated into treatment strategies for children with TBI.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0166-4328
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2013.10.048
ID  - ref1
ER  -