TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2013//
TI  - Factors associated with the ability to estimate actual speeds in recreational alpine skiers
JO  - Wilderness and environmental medicine
A1  - Ruedl, Gerhard
A1  - Brunner, Friedrich
A1  - Woldrich, Tomas
A1  - Faulhaber, Martin
A1  - Kopp, Martin
A1  - Nachbauer, Werner
A1  - Burtscher, Martin
SP  - 118
EP  - 123
VL  - 24
IS  - 2
N2  - OBJECTIVE.-: To measure on-slope speeds of alpine skiers and to compare their ability to accurately estimate their actual speed with regard to measured speed, age, sex, skill level, helmet use, and risk-taking behavior. METHODS.-: Skiing speeds of 416 adult skiers (62% men, 38% women) were measured with a radar speed gun. Skiers were interviewed about their age, sex, skiing ability, helmet use, and risk-taking behavior. Additionally, skiers had to estimate their measured speed as accurately as possible. The difference between estimated and measured speed was described as error of estimation (EE). RESULTS.-: Mean measured speed (±SD) of all participants was 48.2 (±14.3) km/h. Pearson correlation coefficient between the actual speed and the estimated speed was 0.57 (P < .001) for all participants. Skiers underestimated their measured speed on average by 5.8 km/h or 8.1%. A multiple hierarchical linear regression analysis revealed that when skiing speed is increased by 1 km/h the EE significantly decreases by 0.5 km/h. Male sex, higher skill level, risky skiing behavior, and younger age groups showed a significantly better ability to estimate skiing speed, whereas ski helmet use did not. CONCLUSIONS.-: Skiing speed, age, sex, skill level, and risk-taking behavior seem to influence the ability to estimate actual speeds in recreational alpine skiers.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1080-6032
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wem.2012.11.021
ID  - ref1
ER  -