TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2004//
TI  - Relationship between depression and psychosocial functioning after traumatic brain injury
JO  - Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
A1  - Hibbard, Mary R.
A1  - Ashman, Teresa A.
A1  - Spielman, Lisa A.
A1  - Chun, Doris
A1  - Charatz, Heather J.
A1  - Melvin, Seton
SP  - S43
EP  - 53
VL  - 85
IS  - 4 Suppl 2
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between depression and psychosocial functioning up to 5 years after traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study with 2 assessments completed. SETTING: Community. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals (N=188) with TBI living in the community. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Structured Clinical Interview for Depression, self-reports of depression severity, functional symptoms, quality of life (QOL), unmet important needs, and psychosocial functioning. RESULTS: Based on observed depression patterns at initial and repeat assessment, 4 subgroups were created: no depression, resolved depression, late-onset depression, and chronic depression. Groups were equivalent in terms of demographic and injury-related factors but differed significantly in perceived psychosocial functioning. The no-depression group reported fewer depressive symptoms and higher levels of psychosocial functioning, whereas the chronic-depression group reported the poorest psychosocial functioning, with a further decline in QOL at reassessment. Although the resolved-depression and late-onset-depression groups reported similar psychosocial functioning at initial assessment, psychosocial functioning had improved for the resolved-depression group and declined for the late-onset-depression group at reassessment. Pre- and postpsychiatric diagnoses were common in all groups, with pre-TBI diagnosis of depression not predictive of post-TBI depression. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the need for broad-based assessments and timely interventions for both mood and psychosocial challenges after TBI.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0003-9993
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -