TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2010//
TI  - Longitudinally mapping the influence of sex and androgen signaling on the dynamics of human cortical maturation in adolescence
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
A1  - Raznahan, Armin
A1  - Lee, Yohan
A1  - Stidd, Reva
A1  - Long, Robert
A1  - Greenstein, Dede
A1  - Clasen, Liv
A1  - Addington, Anjene
A1  - Gogtay, Nitin
A1  - Rapoport, Judith L.
A1  - Giedd, Jay Norman
SP  - 16988
EP  - 16993
VL  - 107
IS  - 39
N2  - Humans have systematic sex differences in brain-related behavior, cognition, and pattern of mental illness risk. Many of these differences emerge during adolescence, a developmental period of intense neurostructural and endocrine change. Here, by creating "movies" of sexually dimorphic brain development using longitudinal in vivo structural neuroimaging, we show regionally specific sex differences in development of the cerebral cortex during adolescence. Within cortical subsystems known to underpin domains of cognitive behavioral sex difference, structural change is faster in the sex that tends to perform less well within the domain in question. By stratifying participants through molecular analysis of the androgen receptor gene, we show that possession of an allele conferring more efficient functioning of this sex steroid receptor is associated with "masculinization" of adolescent cortical maturation. Our findings extend models first established in rodents, and suggest that in humans too, sex and sex steroids shape brain development in a spatiotemporally specific manner, within neural systems known to underpin sexually dimorphic behaviors.<p /> <p>Language: en</p> 
LA  - en
SN  - 0027-8424
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1006025107
ID  - ref1
ER  -