TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2002//
TI  - The incidence of venous gas emboli in recreational diving
JO  - Undersea and hyperbaric medicine
A1  - Dunford, R. G.
A1  - Vann, R. D.
A1  - Gerth, Wayne A.
A1  - Pieper, C. F.
A1  - Huggins, K.
A1  - Wacholtz, C.
A1  - Bennett, P. B.
SP  - 247
EP  - 259
VL  - 29
IS  - 4
N2  - From 1989-91, the Divers Alert Network monitored recreational divers for Doppler-detected venous gas emboli (VGE) and depth-time profiles following multi-day, repetitive, multi-level exposures. A Spencer score >0 occurred in 61 of 67 subjects (91%) and 205 of 281 dives (73%). No subject developed decompression sickness (DCS) on monitored days although 102 dives (36.3%) scored at Spencer Grades 2 or 3 (High Bubble Grade, HBG). We recorded the depth-time profiles with Suunto dive computers and estimated exposure severity with a probabilistic decompression algorithm. The HBG incidence increased 53% over the range of exposure severity (p < 0.001) in the divers, was approximately 20% higher for repetitive dives than for first dives, and decreased approximately 25% over the 6-8 days of multi-day diving (p < 0.001) suggesting a phenomenon similar to DCS adaptation. The observed HBG incidence was approximately 20% higher for males than females. Older male divers had a 25% increase in observed incidence of HBG while older female divers showed a 55% increase when compared to their younger counterparts.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1066-2936
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -