TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2013//
TI  - Empirical Evidence of the Validity of the Spanish Version of the Pain Vigilance Awareness Questionnaire
JO  - International journal of behavioral medicine
A1  - Esteve, R.
A1  - Ramírez-Maestre, Carman
A1  - López-Martínez, A. E.
SP  - 59
EP  - 68
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
N2  - BACKGROUND: The Spanish version of the Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire has not been validated. PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to examine the factor structure of the Spanish version of the Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire and present empirical evidence regarding its validity. METHOD: A sample of 468 chronic back pain patients completed a battery of instruments to assess fear-avoidance beliefs, pain anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain vigilance and awareness, pain acceptance, depression, anxiety, disability, and pain intensity. RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analysis supported the validity of a nine-item version with two subscales: Active Vigilance and Passive Awareness. Both subscales and the total score were positively and significantly correlated with other fear-related constructs: fear-avoidance beliefs, pain anxiety, and pain catastrophizing. Regression analyses showed that Active Vigilance and the two subscales of the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire were significantly associated with higher anxiety and that the Acceptance Activity Engagement subscale was significantly associated with lower anxiety. The Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire-Physical subscale was associated with higher disability and the Acceptance Pain Willingness subscale was associated with lower disability. The Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire-Work subscale was significantly associated with higher pain intensity and depression; the Acceptance Activity Engagement and Pain Willingness subscales were significantly associated with lower pain intensity and depression. CONCLUSION: The Spanish version of the Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument. Pain Acceptance and Fear Avoidance beliefs are better predictors of adjustment to pain than pain hypervigilance.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1070-5503
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12529-011-9216-z
ID  - ref1
ER  -