TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2011//
TI  - Is there tonic immobility in humans? Biological evidence from victims of traumatic stress
JO  - Biological psychology
A1  - Volchan, Eliane
A1  - Souza, Gabriela G.
A1  - Franklin, Camila M.
A1  - Norte, Carlos E.
A1  - Rocha-Rego, Vanessa
A1  - Oliveira, Jose M.
A1  - David, Isabel Antunes
A1  - Mendlowicz, Mauro V.
A1  - Coutinho, Evandro Silva Freire
A1  - Fiszman, Adriana
A1  - Berger, William
A1  - Marques-Portella, Carla
A1  - Figueira, Ivan
SP  - 13
EP  - 19
VL  - 88
IS  - 1
N2  - Tonic immobility, characterized by profound motor inhibition, is elicited under inescapable threat in many species. To fully support the existence of tonic immobility in humans, our aim was to elicit this reaction in a laboratory setting and measure it objectively. To mimic exposure to life-threatening events in the lab, trauma-exposed participants with PTSD (n=18) and without PTSD (n=15) listened to the script of their autobiographical trauma. Posturography and electrocardiography were employed. Reports of script-induced immobility were associated with restricted area of body sway and were correlated with accelerated heart rate and diminished heart rate variability, implying that tonic immobility is preserved in humans as an involuntary defensive strategy. Immobility reports seemed more evident in PTSD, suggesting that, in some patients, tonic immobility may be elicited during re-experiencing episodes in daily life. This study provided a measure of tonic immobility, a peritraumatic reaction for which cumulative clinical evidence had linked to the severity of PTSD.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0301-0511
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.06.002
ID  - ref1
ER  -