TY  - JOUR
PY  - 1992//
TI  - The expression of bipolar affective disorders in brain injured patients
JO  - International journal of psychiatry in medicine
A1  - Zwil, A. S.
A1  - McAllister, T. W.
A1  - Raimo, E.
SP  - 377
EP  - 395
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
N2  - OBJECTIVE: A prospective study was designed to investigate the varied presentations of major affective disorders in patients with organic brain disease. METHOD: Patients admitted to our neuropsychiatry service, with affective and behavioral disturbances, and known neurological disorders, were classified, on phenomenological grounds, into the following groups: 1) elated mania; 2) irritable mania; 3) affective lability with periods of irritability, but without other symptoms pathognomonic for mania; and 4) intermittent psychosis with absent or ambiguous mood changes. RESULTS: A majority of patients in all four groups responded to pharmacotherapy with anti-cycling agents. CONCLUSIONS: It is proposed that these groups represent different expressions of mania in brain injured persons, and that these expressions range through a spectrum of phenomenology, included elated mania, irritable mania, episodic psychosis and explosive organic personality disorder. The DSM-III-R classification of these disorders, and approaches to their clinical management, are discussed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0091-2174
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -