TY  - JOUR
PY  - 1983//
TI  - Sign vandalism: time for action--now
JO  - ITE journal
A1  - Chadda, H.
A1  - Carter, E.
SP  - 16
EP  - 19
VL  - 53
IS  - 8
N2  - This article discusses the growing problem of traffic sign vandalism and what can be done about it. There are three forms of vandalism: (1) destruction or physical damage; (2) defacement or mutilation; and (3) theft. Possible countermeasures and techniques to deter vandalism fall into four categories: (1) physical countermeasures; (2) legal countermeasures; (3) educational programs; and (4) public information campaigns. A balanced approach involving the best elements of all of these countermeasures is recommended for an effective and successful program to combat this growing problem.<p /> 
LA  - 
SN  - 0162-8178
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -