TY - JOUR PY - 2005// TI - Mild traumatic brain injury in the United States, 1998--2000 JO - Brain injury A1 - Bazarian, Jeffrey J. A1 - McClung, Jason A1 - Shah, Manish N. A1 - Cheng, Yen Ting A1 - Flesher, William A1 - Kraus, Jess Frank SP - 85 EP - 91 VL - 19 IS - 2 N2 - PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence and epidemiology of emergency department (ED)-attended mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in the US. RESEARCH DESIGN: Secondary analysis of ED visits for mTBI in the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey for 1998--2000. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: MTBI defined by International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD9-CM) codes for 'skull fracture', 'concussion', 'intracranial injury of unspecified nature' and 'head injury, unspecified'. MAIN OUTCOME AND RESULTS: The average incidence of mTBI was 503.1/100000, with peaks among males (590/100000), American Indians/Alaska Natives (1,026/100000) and those <5 years of age (1,115.2/100000). MTBI incidence was highest in the Midwest region (578.4/10000) and in non-urban areas (530.9/100000) of the US. Bicycles and sports accounted for 26.4% of mTBI in the 5-14 age group. CONCLUSIONS: The national burden of mTBI is significant and the incidence higher than that reported by others. Possible explanations are discussed. Bicycle and sports-related injuries are an important and highly preventable cause of mTBI underscoring the need to promote prevention programmes on a national level.
LA - SN - 0269-9052 UR - http://dx.doi.org/ ID - ref1 ER -