TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2009//
TI  - Current and former ecstasy users report different sleep to matched controls: a web-based questionnaire study
JO  - Journal of psychopharmacology
A1  - Wilson, SJ
A1  - Munafò, M
A1  - Nutt, D. J.
A1  - Carhart-Harris, RL
SP  - 249
EP  - 257
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
N2  - This study sought to test the association between ecstasy-use and abnormal sleep. An anonymous web-based questionnaire containing questions on drug use and sleep was completed by 1035 individuals. From this large sample, a group of 89 ecstasy users were found who reported very little use of other drugs. This "ecstasy-only" group was further divided into two groups of 31 current users and 58 abstinent users. The subjective sleep of current and former ecstasy-only users was compared with that of matched controls. Patients were asked to rate their sleep according to: 1) sleep quality, 2) sleep latency, 3) night time awakenings and 4) total sleep time. Current ecstasy-only users reported significantly worse sleep quality (P < 0.05) and a greater total sleep time (P < 0.001) than controls. It was inferred that these differences might be due to recovery from the acute effects of the drug. Abstinent ecstasy-only users reported significantly more nighttime awakenings than controls (P < 0.01). These subjective findings are in agreement with the objective findings of previous studies showing persistent sleep abnormalities in ecstasy users.<p />
LA  - 
SN  - 0269-8811
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -