%0 Journal Article
%T Aggression and assertiveness in kindergarten children differing in day care experiences
%J Early childhood research quarterly
%D 1990
%A Hegland, Susan M.
%A Rix, Mary K.
%V 5
%N 1
%P 105-116
%X Differences in social behaviors of middle-class children with and without previous day care experience were compared through classroom observations and teacher ratings during the second semester of kindergarten. Using a time-sampling procedure, two researchers observed positive social behavior, assertiveness, instrumental aggression, and hostile aggression of 32 children from eight different kindergarten classrooms during free-choice time. Each child was also rated by his/her own teacher on assertiveness, ability to get along with peers, hostile aggression, and instrumental aggression. Teachers' ratings of hostile aggression were significantly correlated with observations of hostile aggression (p &lt; .05) and assertiveness (p &lt; .01), suggesting that teachers may confound assertive and aggressive behaviors. Observed frequencies of assertive behaviors were correlated with those of positive social (p &lt; .05) and instrumental aggression (p &lt; .05), but not with frequencies of hostile aggression (p &lt; .20). However, no significant differences between day care and home-reared children were found on any of the rated or observed variables.<p />
%G 
%I Elsevier Publishing
%@ 0885-2006
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0885-2006(90)90009-P