@article{ref1,
title="Firearms in major motion pictures, 1995-2004",
journal="Journal of trauma",
year="2009",
author="Binswanger, Ingrid A. and Cowan, John A. Jr",
volume="66",
number="3",
pages="906-911",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Firearms are a major cause of injury and death. We sought to determine (1) the prevalence of movie scenes that depicted firearms and verbal firearm safety messages; (2) the context and health outcomes in firearm scenes; and (3) the association between the Motion Picture Association of America ratings and firearm scene characteristics. METHODS: Ten top revenue-grossing motion pictures were selected for each year from 1995 to 2004 in descending order of gross revenues. Data on firearm scenes were collected by movie coders using dual-monitor computer workstations and real-time collection tools. RESULTS: Seventy of the 100 movies had scenes with firearms and the majority of movies with firearms were rated PG-13. Firearm scenes (N = 624) accounted for 17% of screen time in movies with firearms. Among firearm scenes, crime or illegal activity was involved in 45%, deaths occurred in 19%, and injuries occurred in 12%. A verbal reference to safety was made in 0.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Depictions of firearms in top revenue-grossing movies were common, but safety messages were exceedingly rare. Major motion pictures present an under-used opportunity for education about firearm safety.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-5282",
doi="10.1097/TA.0b013e31816142e1",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/TA.0b013e31816142e1"
}