
@article{ref1,
title="An Unusual Case of a Penetrating Skull-base Injury Caused by a Wild Deer's Antler",
journal="Zentralblatt fur Neurochirurgie",
year="2009",
author="Hebecker, R. and Sola, St and Lenz, J. H. and Just, T. and Piek, J.",
volume="70",
number="1",
pages="48-51",
abstract="<p>Injuries relevant to neurosurgeons in central Europe are rarely caused by wild animal attacks, whereas dog bites in urban areas and farm-related attacks from cattle and horses are well-known to cause sometimes fatal head injuries. The authors describe the first case of a perforating frontobasal injury caused by a wild deer's antler. Associated lesions involved the endonasal area and the left orbit. A multidisciplinary approach was used to address all lesions in a one-stage operation resulting in a full recovery of the patient. Apart from the problem of a possible contamination of the head wound, injuries caused by wild animal attacks should be treated the same way as comparable &quot;regular&quot; cases. Adequate coverage of dural and bone defects with autologous material via a bifrontal intradural approach and meticulous debridement of the intracranial wound usually gives good functional and cosmetic results.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0044-4251",
doi="10.1055/s-2008-1080942",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1080942"
}