@article{ref1,
title="Differences in Hybrid III and thornt neck response in extension using matched tests with football neck collars",
journal="Biomedical sciences instrumentation",
year="2008",
author="McNeely, David E. and Rowson, Steven and Duma, Stefan M.",
volume="44",
number="",
pages="165-170",
abstract="Anthropometric test devices have been used in sports injury biomechanics research. This study addresses the differences in the head and neck response of the Hybrid III and THOR-NT 50th percentile male crash test dummies when used to evaluate the load limiting capabilities of football neck collars. 24 matched tests were performed with the Hybrid III and THOR-NT; in which they were equipped with shoulder pads, a helmet, and various neck collars. The dummies were then impacted on the front of the helmet using a pneumatic linear impactor to promote extension of the neck. Results from these tests indicate that the Hybrid III generates greater loads than the THOR-NT due to its stiffer neck. The Hybrid III was also more sensitive to impact velocity. The neck collars had different effects on each dummy, typically affecting the Hybrid III's response more. Even though this study looks at a specific application, it highlights differences in neck response between the Hybrid III and THOR-NT.  Keywords: American football; <p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0067-8856",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}