@article{ref1,
title="Environmental Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials",
journal="Journal of aging and health",
year="2008",
author="Clemson, Lindy and Mackenzie, Lynette A. and Ballinger, Claire and Close, Jacqueline C. T. and Cumming, Robert G.",
volume="20",
number="8",
pages="954-971",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to determine the efficacy of environmental interventions in reducing falls in community-dwelling older people. METHOD: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials was performed. RESULTS: Pooled analysis of six trials (N = 3,298) demonstrated a 21% reduction in falls risk (relative risk [RR] = 0.79; 0.65 to 0.97). Heterogeneity was attributable to the large treatment effect of one trial. Analysis of a subgroup of studies with participants at high risk of falls (four trials, n = 570) demonstrated a clinically significant 39% reduction of falls (RR = 0.61; 0.47 to 0.79), an absolute risk difference of 26% for a number needed to treat four people. DISCUSSION: Home assessment interventions that are comprehensive, are well focused, and incorporate an environmental-fit perspective with adequate follow-up can be successful in reducing falls with significant effects. The highest effects are associated with interventions that are conducted with high-risk groups.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0898-2643",
doi="10.1177/0898264308324672",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264308324672"
}