@article{ref1,
title="Understanding internalized stigma's role in sex-specific suicidal ideation among individuals with bipolar disorder",
journal="Journal of clinical medicine",
year="2024",
author="D'Angelo, Martina and Steardo, Luca Jr",
volume="13",
number="14",
pages="-",
abstract="BACKGROUND: The experience of stigma can exert a profound impact on the mental health and well-being of individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). Our study explores which factors of internalized stigma are associated with suicidal ideation and how they differ between the two sexes in a clinical sample of BD patients. <br><br>METHODS: The study follows a cross-sectional study design, employing the Clinical Global Impression for Bipolar Patients (CGI-BP) to evaluate the overall severity of illness and the alteration in patients affected by bipolar disorder, the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) assessing self-stigma among individuals experiencing mental disorders, and the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) identifying and assessing individuals vulnerable to suicide. Descriptive analyses, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and logistic regression analysis were conducted, and 344 BD subjects were recruited. <br><br>RESULTS: Our ANOVA results revealed a significant association between sex and suicide across ISMI sub-items (p = 0.000). Logistic regression analysis comprised three phases: Discrimination was consistently significant across all phases (p < 0.001), while Alienation and Stereotype emerged as additional predictors of suicide in later phases of the analysis (p < 0.001). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Our study contributes to the growing body of literature on internalized stigma, sex, and suicidality among individuals with bipolar disorder. Early intervention programs and prevention strategies are needed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2077-0383",
doi="10.3390/jcm13144000",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144000"
}