@article{ref1,
title="Aggression-victimization in middle-low income students in Turkey: empathy level, gender, and grade level differences",
journal="Violence and victims",
year="2024",
author="Gürsoy, Figen and Aral, Neriman and Öz, Sena and Aysu, Burçin and García, Trinidad",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="This article aimed to analyze aggression-victimization differentiation in middle-school students by empathy level, gender, and grade level. A total of 260 students living in a middle-low-socioeconomic region of Ankara, Turkey, participated in the study (mean age = 12.89, standard deviation = 0.96). <br><br>RESULTS indicated that the students were more likely to be victims of violent behaviors rather than being aggressors. We found a high probability that victims could become aggressors or vice versa. There were no significant differences between empathy and victimization-aggression. Besides, the results revealed boys were more prone to being victims and aggressors, especially concerning physical-verbal aggression and harming properties. However, girls were more likely to be victims of isolation and-to a lesser extent-verbal aggression. We discussed these results in light of literature.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0886-6708",
doi="10.1891/VV-2021-0014",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/VV-2021-0014"
}