@article{ref1,
title="Association between hearing loss and suicidal ideation: discrepancy between pure tone audiometry and subjective hearing level",
journal="Journal of affective disorders",
year="2024",
author="Ahn, Jeong Hyun and Yang, Ji Su and Jung, Jinsei and Kang, Sunghyuk and Jung, Sun Jae",
volume="344",
number="",
pages="495-502",
abstract="BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate hearing loss by combining pure tone audiometry (PTA) with subjective hearing level concerning suicidal ideation.  METHODS: A total of 23,215 individuals from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) between 2009 and 2013 were included. PTA was categorized according to average audiometric threshold levels: normal (≤25 dB), mild (26-40 dB), and moderate-severe (>40 dB). The subjective hearing level was categorized as &quot;no discomfort,&quot; &quot;mild discomfort,&quot; and &quot;considerable discomfort&quot; for hearing without a hearing aid. Next, we classified hearing loss into nine groups by combining PTA and subjective hearing levels. Suicidal ideation was defined as answering yes to the following question: &quot;Have you ever seriously thought about killing yourself in the past 1 year?&quot; We conducted chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses.  RESULTS: Among the 23,215 participants aged ≥19 years (mean age 46.52 years), 3,214 (13%) reported having suicidal ideation. According to PTA, moderate to severe hearing loss was related to suicidal ideation (OR = 1.19, 95 % CI = 1.01-1.41). Subjective hearing loss was associated with suicidal ideation (mild: OR = 1.41, 95 % CI = 1.21-1.65; considerable: OR = 1.57, 95 % CI = 1.20-2.05). Moreover, as the subjective hearing level increased, the ORs of suicidal ideation increased in individuals with moderate to severe hearing loss (mild: OR = 1.52, 95 % CI = 1.24-1.88; considerable: OR = 1.81, 95 % CI = 1.39-2.36).  LIMITATIONS: The cross-sectional study limits the interpretation of causal relationships.  CONCLUSIONS: Subjective hearing loss was more strongly associated with suicidal ideation than hearing loss as measured by PTA.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0165-0327",
doi="10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.063",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.063"
}