@article{ref1,
title="A re-examination of antidepressant treatment-emergent mania in bipolar disorders: evidence of gender differences",
journal="Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica",
year="2017",
author="Scott, J. and Brichant-Petitjean, C. and Etain, B. and Henry, C. and Kahn, J.-p. and Azorin, J.-m. and Leboyer, M. and Bellivier, F.",
volume="135",
number="5",
pages="479-488",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To explore the prevalence and clinical profile of males and females who develop antidepressant treatment-emergent mania (ATEM). METHOD: From an original sample of 754 patients with BD, we identified ATEM+ cases (n = 75) and ATEM- controls (n = 135) that met stringent criteria. We specifically examined the combinations of clinical factors that best classified males and females as ATEM+ cases. RESULTS: Seventy-five individuals were classified as ATEM+; 87% of ATEM events occurred during antidepressant monotherapy. Regression analyses demonstrated that the presence of an alcohol and/or substance use disorder [Odds Ratio (OR) 6.37], a history of one or more suicide attempts (OR 4.19) and higher number of depressive episodes per year of illness (OR 1.71) correctly classified 73% of males. In contrast, 84% of females were correctly classified on the basis of a positive history of thyroid disorder (OR 3.23), a positive family history of BD I (OR 2.68) and depressive onset polarity (OR 2.01). CONCLUSION: Using stringent definitions of ATEM status to reduce the probability of inclusion of false-positive cases and false-negative controls, we identified for the first time that the risk profiles for the development of an ATEM differ significantly according to gender.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0001-690X",
doi="10.1111/acps.12728",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acps.12728"
}