@article{ref1,
title="Measuring Chinese psychological well-being with Western developed instruments",
journal="Journal of personality assessment",
year="2002",
author="Zhang, Jie and Norvilitis, Jill M.",
volume="79",
number="3",
pages="492-511",
abstract="We explored the possibility of applying 4 psychological scales developed and commonly used in the West to Chinese culture. The participants, 273 Chinese and 302 Americans, completed measures of self-esteem (Self-Esteem Scale; Rosenberg, 1965), depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale; Radloff, 1977), social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support; Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet, & Farley, 1988), and suicidal ideation (Scale for Suicide Ideation; Beck, Kovacs, & Weissman, 1979). All scales were found to be reliable and valid cross culturally. Comparative analyses suggest that gender differences on all 4 scales are smaller among the Chinese than the Americans. Americans were more likely to score higher on the socially desirable scales (self-esteem and social support) and lower on the socially undesirable scale (suicidal ideation). However, no cultural differences were found in this study on the measure of depression. <br><br>RESULTS suggest that, with a few considerations or potential modifications, the current measures could be used in Chinese culture.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-3891",
doi="10.1207/S15327752JPA7903_06",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15327752JPA7903_06"
}