@article{ref1,
title="Adolescent Suicide, Household Firearm Ownership, and the Effects of Child Access Prevention Laws",
journal="Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry",
year="2021",
author="Kivisto, Aaron J. and Kivisto, Katherine L. and Gurnell, Erica and Phalen, Peter and Ray, Bradley",
volume="60",
number="9",
pages="1096-1104",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: This study has 3 objectives: to examine the association between state-level firearm ownership and suicide among adolescents of high school age; to compare the strength of the firearm ownership-suicide association among adolescents relative to adults; and to evaluate the relationship between 11 child access prevention (CAP) laws and suicide. METHOD: Using an ecological time series cross-sectional design, we modeled suicide rates from January 1, 1991, to December 31, 2017, as a function of household firearm ownership and states' implementation of CAP provisions using fixed effect negative binomial models. RESULTS: There were 37,652 suicides among adolescents between the ages of 14 and 18 years during the study period, and more than half of all suicides (51.5%, n = 19,402) involved firearms. Each 10 percentage-point increase in states' firearm ownership was associated with a 39.3% (35.1%-43.5%) increase in firearm suicide, which in turn contributed a 6.8% (2.5%-11.1%) increase in all-cause suicide. The association between firearm ownership and suicide was approximately 2 times stronger among adolescents relative to adults. Policies mandating locks and safe storage were associated with a 13.1% (2.7%-22.3%) reduction in adolescent firearm suicide and an unexplained 8.7% (1.2%-15.7%) reduction in non-firearm suicide. CAP provisions were associated with reduced firearm suicide across the lifespan, but effects were stronger among adolescents. CONCLUSION: There is an increased risk of adolescent suicide associated with household firearm ownership, and safe storage provisions are associated with decreased adolescent firearm suicide.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0890-8567",
doi="10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.442",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.442"
}