@article{ref1,
title="Heat Transfer Mechanism of a Flash Flame Spread Along a Vertical or Inclined Napped Fabric",
journal="Journal of applied fire science",
year="2004",
author="Ohtani, Hideo and Seto, Yasuo",
volume="13",
number="3",
pages="203-212",
abstract="A napped fabric is known to catch fire easily, and the flame spreads along the napped surface very fast; i.e., a flash flame spread occurs. It may cause a person wearing the napped fabric to be burned alive. To avoid such a fire accident, flame spread phenomena along a napped fabric must be clarified for suppressing the flash flame spread along its surface. For this purpose, the flash flame spread along a napped fabric has been investigated experimentally. The absorbent cotton sheet napped mechanically was used as a sample of a napped fabric. Dependence of the flash flame spread rate on depth or density of a napped layer was studied experimentally. It was ascertained that the flame spread rate depended on both the depth and the density of the napped layer. Considering the experimentally obtained dependency, a heat transfer model of the flame spread along a napped layer was developed. From the model that considered the experimental results, it was revealed that a convective heat transfer governed the flame spread rate strongly in the case of upward flame spread along a napped fabric.   <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1044-4300",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}