@article{ref1,
title="The COVID-19 outbreak as a trigger event for sinophobic hate crimes in the United Kingdom",
journal="British journal of criminology",
year="2023",
author="Schumann, Sandy and Moore, Ysanne",
volume="63",
number="2",
pages="367-383",
abstract="We assessed whether the COVID-19 outbreak in the United Kingdom was associated with a rise in sinophobic hate crimes as well as the temporal distribution of victimization rates. A victimization survey (N = 393) showed that following the first known case of COVID-19 in the United Kingdom, Chinese/East Asian persons had a higher likelihood of being hate crime or incident victims than members of other ethnic minority groups. Specifically, victimization reported by Chinese/East Asian participants reached its highest level in March 2020 (before lockdown); it then dropped significantly after an initial relaxation of restrictions in May 2020. Overall, we documented a temporary, potentially slightly delayed hate crime trigger effect of the COVID-19 outbreak.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0007-0955",
doi="10.1093/bjc/azac015",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azac015"
}