@article{ref1,
title="Suicidal risks among 2826 Sardinian major affective disorder patients",
journal="Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica",
year="2007",
author="Tondo, L. and Lepri, Beatrice and Baldessarini, Ross J.",
volume="116",
number="6",
pages="419-428",
abstract="Objective: We estimated risks of suicidal behaviors in 2826 mood-disorder patients evaluated and followed in a Sardinian mood disorders research center over the past 30 years. Method: We determined rates of suicidal ideation, attempts, and suicides, with associated risk factors, in men and women with DSM-IV bipolar I (BP-I; n = 529), BP-II; (n = 314), or major depressive disorders (MDD; n = 1983), at risk for an average of 11 years of illness. Results: Observed rates (% of patients/year) of suicide ranked: BP-II (0.16) &gt;/= BP-I (0.14) &gt; MDD (0.05); attempts: BP-I (1.52) &gt; BP-II (0.82) &gt; MDD (0.48); ideation: BP-II (42.7) &gt; MDD (33.8) &gt; BP-I (22.7). The ratio of attempts/suicides (lethality index) ranked: BP-II (5.12) &lt; MDD (9.60) &lt;/= BP-I (10.8). Male/female risk-ratios were greater for suicide than attempts or ideation. One-third of all reported acts occurred within the first year of illness, and earliest among MDD patients. Factors associated independently with suicidal acts included BP diagnosis, hospitalizations/person, and early illness-onset; factors associated with suicidal ideation were having an affective temperament, BP-II diagnosis, and higher suicidality-corrected depression score at intake. Conclusion: Suicidal behaviors were more prevalent among BPD than MDD out-patients.&lt;/= out-patients.   <p bp-i=&quot;bp-i&quot; male=&quot;male&quot; female=&quot;female&quot; risk-ratios=&quot;risk-ratios&quot; greater=&quot;greater&quot; for=&quot;for&quot; suicide=&quot;suicide&quot; attempts=&quot;attempts&quot; or=&quot;or&quot; ideation.=&quot;ideation.&quot; one-third=&quot;one-third&quot; all=&quot;all&quot; reported=&quot;reported&quot; occurred=&quot;occurred&quot; within=&quot;within&quot; the=&quot;the&quot; first=&quot;first&quot; year=&quot;year&quot; of=&quot;of&quot; earliest=&quot;earliest&quot; patients.=&quot;patients.&quot; factors=&quot;factors&quot; independently=&quot;independently&quot; acts=&quot;acts&quot; included=&quot;included&quot; bp=&quot;bp&quot; hospitalizations=&quot;hospitalizations&quot; early=&quot;early&quot; associated=&quot;associated&quot; with=&quot;with&quot; suicidal=&quot;suicidal&quot; ideation=&quot;ideation&quot; having=&quot;having&quot; an=&quot;an&quot; affective=&quot;affective&quot; bp-ii=&quot;bp-ii&quot; and=&quot;and&quot; higher=&quot;higher&quot; suicidality-corrected=&quot;suicidality-corrected&quot; depression=&quot;depression&quot; score=&quot;score&quot; at=&quot;at&quot; intake.=&quot;intake.&quot; conclusion:=&quot;conclusion:&quot; behaviors=&quot;behaviors&quot; were=&quot;were&quot; more=&quot;more&quot; prevalent=&quot;prevalent&quot; among=&quot;among&quot; bpd=&quot;bpd&quot; than=&quot;than&quot; mdd=&quot;mdd&quot;></p>  <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0001-690X",
doi="10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01066.x",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01066.x"
}