@article{ref1,
title="Research on extinguishing characteristics of liquid nitrogen in urban underground utility tunnel",
journal="China safety science journal (CSSJ)",
year="2020",
author="Li, H. and Zhang, G. and Jia, B. and Zhu, G. and Guo, D. and Zhang, P.",
volume="30",
number="8",
pages="143-150",
abstract="In order to study feasibility and effectiveness of LN2 in suppressing fire in urban utility tunnels, experiments on its fire extinguishing characteristics were carried out, and its fire control efficiency and influencing factors were studies by changing injection parameters, such as direction of LN2 nozzle and release distance. The results show that LN2 can quickly extinguish a utility tunnel fire. Its rapid extinguishing mechanism is a result of coupling effect of cooling and inerting. After being injected into utility tunnel, LN2 evaporates abruptly, forming a low temperature nitrogen cloud which rapidly cools gas. Meanwhile, as cloud spreads, pyrolysis gas is inerted, isolating fire from oxygen and finally extinguishing it. In addition, it is found that horizontal nitrogen injection has better fire extinguishing effect overall than vertical downward injection, and fire extinguishing time increases with the increase of longitudinal distance between nozzle and fire source. © 2020 China Safety Science Journal. All rights reserved.<p /><p>Language: zh</p>",
language="zh",
issn="1003-3033",
doi="10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.08.021",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.08.021"
}