@article{ref1,
title="Adolescents' cyber-defending for cyberbullying: a socio-emotional, beliefs, and past experience model",
journal="Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking",
year="2023",
author="Leung, Angel Nga Man and Chiu, Ming Ming",
volume="26",
number="10",
pages="789-797",
abstract="Adolescents experiencing cyberbullying attacks (i.e., cyber-victims) can suffer severe psychological harm (e.g., suicide). To combat cyberbullying, people can defend the cyber-victims (cyber-defending). Unlike past studies, we proposed a comprehensive theoretical model of cyber-defending that includes socio-emotional aspects, beliefs, and past bullying experiences (as a bully, victim, and/or witness; face-to-face vs. online). We then empirically tested it among 817 students across seven secondary schools using structural equation modeling (SEM). <br><br>RESULTS revealed that participants with higher social competence, depression, affective empathy, or stronger pro-victim beliefs reported more cyber-defending. Furthermore, beliefs and past experiences mediated the relationships between socio-emotional factors and cyber-defending. These findings help build a theory of cyber-defending, provide practical implications, and offer future directions for promoting cyber-defending, which will ultimately reduce cyberbullying.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2152-2715",
doi="10.1089/cyber.2023.0032",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2023.0032"
}