@article{ref1,
title="Head impact kinematics and injury risks during E-scooter collisions against a curb",
journal="Heliyon",
year="2023",
author="Fournier, Marion and Bailly, Nicolas and Schäuble, Andreas and Petit, Yvan",
volume="9",
number="9",
pages="e19254-e19254",
abstract="E-scooters as a mode of transportation is rapidly growing in popularity. This study evaluates head impact conditions and injury risk associated with E-scooter crashes. A multibody model of E-scooter falls induced by wheel-curb collision was built and compared with an experimental E-scooter crash test. A total of 162 crash scenarios were simulated to assess the effect of fall conditions (E-scooter initial speed and inclination, obstacle orientation, and user size) on the head impact kinematics. The forehead hit the ground first in 44% of simulations. The average tangential and normal impact speeds were 3.5 m/s and 4.8 m/s respectively. Nearly 100% of simulations identified a risk of concussion (linear acceleration peak >82 g and rotational acceleration peak >6383 rad/s(2)) and 90% of simulations suggested a risk of severe head injuries (HIC>700). This work provides preliminary data useful for the assessment and design of protective gears.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2405-8440",
doi="10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19254",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19254"
}