@article{ref1,
title="Abusive head trauma in infants: an observational single centre study comparing developmental and functional outcome between 18 months and 5 years",
journal="Child abuse and neglect",
year="2023",
author="Lai, Charles Dekun and Marret, Mary J. and Jayanath, Subhashini and Azanan, Mohamad Shafiq",
volume="145",
number="",
pages="e106434-e106434",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Abusive head trauma (AHT) is a major cause of traumatic brain injury in infancy. This exploratory study compared standardized developmental assessment versus functional outcome assessment between 18 months and 5 years of age following AHT in infancy. <br><br>METHODS: Observational cross-sectional study after surviving AHT in infancy. Seventeen children between 18 months and 5 years of age underwent clinical examination, developmental assessment using the Schedule of Growing Skills II (SGS II) and functional assessment using the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended Pediatric Revision (GOS-E Peds). Additional clinical information was extracted from medical records. <br><br>RESULTS: Age at assessment ranged from 19 to 53 months (median 26 months). Most (n = 14) were delayed in at least 1 domain, even without neurological or visual impairment or visible cortical injury on neuroimaging, including 8 children with favourable GOS-E Peds scores. The most affected domain was hearing and language. Delay in the manipulative domain (n = 6) was associated with visual and/or neurological impairment and greater severity of delay across multiple domains. Eleven (64.7 %) had GOS-E Peds scores indicating good recovery, with positive correlation between GOS-Peds scores and number of domains delayed (r = 0.805, p < 0.05). <br><br>CONCLUSION: The SGS-II detects behavioural and cognitive deficits not picked up by the GOS-E Peds. Combining both tools for assessment of AHT survivors under 5 years of age provides a comprehensive profile which addresses multiple domains of development and function, facilitating targeted intervention. Detection of developmental problems in the majority of survivors makes AHT prevention a public health priority.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0145-2134",
doi="10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106434",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106434"
}