@article{ref1,
title="Citizen provoking behavior and police attitudes toward the use of force: a scenario-based study in China",
journal="Journal of police and criminal psychology",
year="2023",
author="Liu, Shelley",
volume="38",
number="1",
pages="210-218",
abstract="Drawing upon data collected from a survey of police officers in China, this study aims to understand the impact that citizens' provoking behavior has on police attitudes toward the use of force. It examines whether officers' views on the use of force vary depending on citizens' provoking behavior during police-citizen encounters. Descriptive data shows a minority of officers do not view the use of force described in three scenarios as inappropriate. <br><br>RESULTS of the Wilcoxon signed-rank test demonstrate statistically significant differences in officers' responses to each set of the three scenarios. This study's findings provide empirical evidence for Chinese police authorities to consider when developing policy and training protocols to contain the use of force by police. Research limitations and suggestions for future studies are discussed as well.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0882-0783",
doi="10.1007/s11896-022-09560-4",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11896-022-09560-4"
}