@article{ref1,
title="Prevalence of domestic violence against women and its visibility in southeast Iran",
journal="Iranian journal of public health",
year="2023",
author="Ahmadi Gohari, Milad and Baneshi, Mohammad Reza and Zolala, Farzaneh and Garrusi, Behshid and Salarpour, Elaheh and Samari, Mohammad",
volume="52",
number="3",
pages="646-654",
abstract="BACKGROUND: We aimed to estimate the prevalence of domestic violence against women at Reproductive Age (WARA) and its visibility in southeast of Iran. <br><br>METHODS: Adopting a modified time-location sampling, we recruited 933 WARA in the city of Kerman, Iran from Aug to Dec 2019. Domestic violence (DV) was divided into three main categories: Physical, psychological, and sexual. Data were obtained by direct and Network Scale-Up (NSU) methods through self-administered questionnaires. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) was used to determine the association between socioeconomic variables and the violence experience. Visibility was defined as the ratio of NSU over direct estimates. <br><br>RESULTS: Using the direct method, the annual prevalence of psychological violence was estimated at 60.9%. Corresponding figures for physical and sexual violence were 34.7% and 37.7%, respectively. NSU estimates were about one-third of the direct estimates. Divorced and widowed, self-employed, and less educated women were more likely to experience DV. <br><br>CONCLUSION: While the average DV was as high as 44%, its visibility was as low as 33%. Nearly two-thirds of domestic violence against women remains undisclosed. This indicates a high level of stigma perceived around this type of violence.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2251-6085",
doi="10.18502/ijph.v52i3.12147",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v52i3.12147"
}