@article{ref1,
title="Measures of self-reported identity associated with sex and gender: relations with collegiate drinking",
journal="Alcoholism: clinical and experimental research",
year="2023",
author="Anderson, Kristen G. and Garrison, Elise and Clifton, Richelle L. and Harper, Leia and Zapolski, Tamika C. B. and Khazvand, Shirin and Carson, Ian",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: Quantitative research has typically relied on categorical measures of sex assigned at birth (SAAB) and gender, with heterogeneous findings in terms of their associations with alcohol-related behavior. This investigation examined continuous indices of self-identification as an alternative to categorical operationalizations in alcohol research. <br><br>METHOD: Eight hundred ninety-three undergraduate students (74.6% cisgender women, 20.3% cisgender men, 3.9% nonbinary, and 1.2% transgender), recruited from the Midwest and Pacific Northwest of the United States, completed online measures of SAAB (male/female), gender (categorical), continuous indices of identification (femaleness, maleness, and bidirectional), and alcohol consumption (Cahalan Indices; Daily Drinking Questionnaire-Revised; Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test [AUDIT]). <br><br>RESULTS: Novel continuous measures of identification were associated with categorical indices of SAAB and gender as predicted. While none of the self-identification indices (continuous or categorical) predicted current drinking (consumption in the past 30 days), they evidenced relatively consistent, albeit small effects, across quantity-frequency of drinking and AUDIT scores for current drinkers. Higher scores on maleness and bidirectional indices of identification were associated with greater consumption, while greater endorsement of femaleness and being a cisgender woman (vs. a cisgender man) were related to less drinking. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Continuous self-reported identification items performed well when describing drinking behavior in college students. The inclusion of dimensional scales of identity broadens our ability to capture differing self-conceptualizations in research.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0145-6008",
doi="10.1111/acer.15013",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acer.15013"
}