@article{ref1,
title="Profiling ambivalence in the context of nonsuicidal self-injury",
journal="Journal of clinical psychology (Hoboken)",
year="2023",
author="Gray, Nicole and Uren, Hannah and Pemberton, Ethan and Boyes, Mark",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="BACKGROUND: We aimed to identify profiles of ambivalence among individuals with a history of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and tested whether profiles differed across various theoretically informed constructs: NSSI-related characteristics, cognitive (outcome expectancies, self-efficacy to resist NSSI), emotional (psychological distress, difficulties in emotion regulation), personality, and incentives to engage/not engage in NSSI. <br><br>METHODS: Individuals with a lifetime history of NSSI (n = 224) reported the extent to which they wanted to and did not want to engage in NSSI and completed well-validated measures of the constructs of interest. <br><br>RESULTS: Latent profile analysis indicated four ambivalence profiles (avoid: n = 39; moderately ambivalent: n = 85; highly ambivalent: n = 30; approach: n = 70). The profiles differed across a number of NSSI-related characteristics, cognitive, emotional, and incentive-related variables. Differences between the ambivalence profiles and the avoid/approach profiles varied across constructs. For example, the ambivalence and approach profiles were similar for NSSI-related outcome expectancies, but the ambivalence and avoidance profiles were similar for self-efficacy to resist NSSI. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Findings highlight variation between the desire to engage or not engage in NSSI that are consistent with the notion of ambivalence. Understanding these differences may allow for a more person-centered approach in treatment for NSSI.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0021-9762",
doi="10.1002/jclp.23494",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23494"
}