@article{ref1,
title="Distinctions in environmental attitudes between soccer and American football fans",
journal="International journal of sports marketing and sponsorship",
year="2022",
author="Kellison, Timothy and Cianfrone, Beth A.",
volume="24",
number="1",
pages="129-144",
abstract="PURPOSE In this study, the authors examine consumer attitudes toward a professional soccer club's proenvironmental initiatives and evaluate whether key themes are consistent with those found in previous research of fans in different sporting contexts. <br><br>DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH The authors analyzed empirical material provided by 147 highly identified supporters of a Major League Soccer team. Using template analysis, the authors compared codes, categories and themes with those previously identified in a reference group of National Football League (NFL) fans. <br><br>FINDINGS Twenty-three preliminary codes, nine categories and four themes were established by the researchers. Three themes - Considering Environmental Action, Business Insights and Impacting the Fan Experience - were all consistent with the NFL reference group. A fourth theme, Public Visibility, focused on the possibility that the club's proenvironmental initiatives could provide a competitive advantage over rival cities and positively influence local programming and behaviors. <br><br>ORIGINALITY/VALUE The results of this study support the notion that fan characteristics may differ across various demographic and structural contexts and fans' recognition that a club could leverage its community standing to promote proenvironmental action.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1464-6668",
doi="10.1108/IJSMS-01-2022-0023",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJSMS-01-2022-0023"
}