@article{ref1,
title="Audible pedestrian traffic signals: Part 3. Detectability",
journal="Journal of rehabilitation research and development",
year="1991",
author="Szeto, A. Y. and Valerio, N. C. and Novak, R. E.",
volume="28",
number="2",
pages="71-78",
abstract="This project (10) evaluated audible pedestrian traffic signals (APTS) from three perspectives: 1) the patterns of use and the impact of these signals on pedestrian travel; 2) the physical characteristics of the sound emitted by the Nagoya/Traconex APTS; and, 3) the detectability of the sounds emitted by this brand of APTS. This paper, the last of three companion articles (13,14), describes the detectability of the sounds emitted by the Nagoya/Traconex audible traffic signal, the unit most commonly found in the western United States and almost exclusively in California. To determine detectability, three groups of subjects with normal hearing--young sighted adults (controls), elderly sighted adults, and elderly blind adults--participated in an audiological study. Auditory stimuli, which consisted of APTS sounds embedded in various levels of interfering traffic noise, were presented to subjects seated inside a double-walled sound-treated chamber. The subjects were instructed to press down on a response button as soon as they heard the audible pedestrian traffic signal. The percentage of correct detections determined the absolute detectability of APTS under various S/N ratios. The subjects' speed of response indicated how quickly a pedestrian might begin to cross the intersection upon hearing the APTS.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0748-7711",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}