@article{ref1,
title="The drug liking and craving questionnaire (DLCQ) to evaluate addiction risk for ketamine and esketamine",
journal="Psychiatry research communications",
year="2022",
author="Wang, Jay and Khullar, Atul and McIntyre, Roger S. and Swainson, Jennifer",
volume="2",
number="1",
pages="e100018-e100018",
abstract="Ketamine and esketamine (SPRAVATO) are rapid acting antidepressants that have gained evidence and popularity in recent years in treating depression, and are under investigation for other psychiatric indications. Ketamine is a potential drug of abuse and the addiction potential of these medications has been repeatedly cautioned in the psychiatric literature. However, no studies have included a systematic evaluation of addiction potential in their research so risk of this harm remains theoretically and has not been quantified to place in properly in a risk/benefit perspective. There is currently no easily accessible and ready to use tool for this purpose, which poses a barrier to including measures of addiction potential in ketamine and esketamine research. Based on review of the literature and a recently suggested comprehensive Ketamine Side Effect Tool (KSET), as well as the United States Food and Drug Administration recommendations for evaluation addictive potential of a drug, we created a simple, patient rated visual analog scale specifically for assessing ketamine/esketamine drug likeability, cravings and temptation to misuse. While this scale is not validated, in the absence of other accessible tools, use of this questionnaire would provide researchers and clinicians a simple and easy to use tool to begin monitoring addictive potential in patients taking ketamine or esketamine, and better inform future research, clinical practice and publicy policy regarding these substances.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2772-5987",
doi="10.1016/j.psycom.2021.100018",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psycom.2021.100018"
}