@article{ref1,
title="Horizontal violence toward emergency medicine residents: gender as a risk factor",
journal="Western journal of emergency medicine",
year="2022",
author="Jacobson, Ashley A. and Colletti, James E. and Raukar, Neha P.",
volume="23",
number="5",
pages="633-636",
abstract="INTRODUCTION: Horizontal violence (HV) is defined as &quot;persistent exposure to interpersonal aggression and mistreatment from colleagues.&quot; Our objective in this pilot, single-site study was to identify sources of HV toward emergency medicine (EM) residents, using the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R). <br><br>METHODS: In this investigation we used a descriptive cross-sectional survey design to categorize HV. All voluntary participants were residents in an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-approved, three-year academic EM residency. Data were collected via electronic survey and occurred six months into an academic year. We collected demographic information and responses to the NAQ-R in 2020. Horizontal violence is subdivided into three categories: work-related; person-related; and physical intimidation. Emergency medicine residents answered questions as they related to their interactions with residents and support staff, which included nursing. <br><br>RESULTS: A total of 23 of 26 residents responded (89%). Participants were 56% women, 78% white, 11% Hispanic, and 89% heterosexual. Participant clinical year was 39% first-, 39% second-, and 22% third-year residents. Women reported a higher frequency of HV compared to men (1.3 vs 1.1, P =.01). By category, women indicated higher incidence of work-related violence from other residents (P =.05) and staff (P =.02). There was no difference in reported frequency of violence for interns compared to senior residents. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Our pilot study demonstrated horizontal violence toward EM residents exists and is more prevalent in women.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1936-900X",
doi="10.5811/westjem.2022.6.55485",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2022.6.55485"
}