@article{ref1,
title="Maxillofacial horse trauma: a 10-year retrospective study at a UK major trauma center",
journal="Craniomaxillofacial trauma and reconstruction",
year="2022",
author="Sritharan, Rajeevan and Blore, Christopher David and Gahir, Daya Singh",
volume="15",
number="3",
pages="201-205",
abstract="INTRODUCTION/OBJECIVE: There are very few studies that have investigated equestrian-related maxillofacial injuries. A retrospective review was performed to investigate maxillofacial horse trauma at a Level 1 Trauma Centre at the Royal Stoke Hospital over the last 10 years between 2010 and 2020. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: Search of the hospital's major trauma database as well as ED records showed 51 patients who sustained maxillofacial injuries related to horses. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi Squared tests. <br><br>RESULTS: 41 patients were female and the remaining 10 were male. 43% of patients were female and aged 30 and under. Kicks from horses accounted for 64.4% of equine-related maxillofacial injuries. A total of 90 injuries were recorded. Hard tissue injuries which include all fractures accounted for 66.3% of injuries sustained. 70.5% patients sustained isolated maxillofacial trauma. There was an association between patients sustaining non-isolated maxillofacial trauma and hard tissue maxillofacial injuries (P = 0.04). 65.6% of injuries were managed operatively. Patients aged 30 and under were more likely to be managed operatively (P = 0.03). <br><br>CONCLUSION: Equestrian related maxillofacial trauma represents a proportion of trauma workload. The safety aspect of horse riding should be considered and education in safe riding and the use of appropriate safety equipment is vital.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1943-3875",
doi="10.1177/19433875211025910",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19433875211025910"
}