@article{ref1,
title="Rubber bullet-related craniocerebral injuries",
journal="British journal of surgery",
year="2022",
author="Darwazeh, Rami and Darwazeh, Mazhar and Elzain, Mohammed A. and Hoz, Samer S. and Al-Kanash, Rasha",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="Less lethal weapons are designed to incapacitate individuals rather than to cause fatal injuries. These weapons include, but are not limited to, wooden batons, non-metallic bullets, foam/sponge rounds, pepper, and paint balls. Some of these were used during the First (1987-1992) and Second (2000-2005) Palestinian Intifada (Uprising) to deter crowds and/or neutralize individuals, resulting in craniocerebral injuries and even fatalities. The rubber bullet is a blunt missile intended to inflict a painful slap to incapacitate dangerous individuals, yet not cause major or lethal injuries. It is recommended to aim at the lower limbs from a distance of over 40 m (as a safe range), to avoid using them at night (poor visibility), and to avoid children...   Supplementary data: https://academic.oup.com/bjs/advance-article/doi/10.1093/bjs/znac316/6693926?searchresult=1#supplementary-data<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0007-1323",
doi="10.1093/bjs/znac316",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znac316"
}