@article{ref1,
title="Generalized hate: bias victimization against non-Asian racial/ethnic minorities during the COVID-19 pandemic",
journal="Victims and offenders",
year="2022",
author="Wenger, Marin R. and Lantz, Brendan",
volume="17",
number="6",
pages="848-871",
abstract="While much attention has been focused on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hate crime victimization among the Asian population, there is reason to expect that other racial/ethnic minorities may also be at risk of bias-motivated victimization. The current research examines the prevalence of discrimination, hate crime victimization, and fear of victimization among Black and Hispanic individuals during the pandemic. The results, obtained from a survey administered in May 2020 to roughly 1,400 non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic respondents, indicate substantial bias victimization among both groups during the pandemic. Additionally, results reveal important associations between victimization and pandemic-related circumstances.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1556-4886",
doi="10.1080/15564886.2021.1974136",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2021.1974136"
}