@article{ref1,
title="Complex post-traumatic stress disorder",
journal="Lancet",
year="2022",
author="Maercker, Andreas and Cloitre, Marylene and Bachem, Rahel and Schlumpf, Yolanda R. and Khoury, Brigitte and Hitchcock, Caitlin and Bohus, Martin",
volume="400",
number="10345",
pages="60-72",
abstract="Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (complex PTSD) is a severe mental disorder that emerges in response to traumatic life events. Complex PTSD is characterised by three core post-traumatic symptom clusters, along with chronic and pervasive disturbances in emotion regulation, identity, and relationships. Complex PTSD has been adopted as a new diagnosis in the ICD-11. Individuals with complex PTSD typically have sustained or multiple exposures to trauma, such as childhood abuse and domestic or community violence. The disorder has a 1-8% population prevalence and up to 50% prevalence in mental health facilities. Progress in diagnostics, assessment, and differentiation from post-traumatic stress disorder and borderline personality disorder is reported, along with assessment and treatment of children and adolescents. Studies recommend multicomponent therapies starting with a focus on safety, psychoeducation, and patient-provider collaboration, and treatment components that include self-regulatory strategies and trauma-focused interventions.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0140-6736",
doi="10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00821-2",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00821-2"
}