@article{ref1,
title="The new-concept full-face-type helmet with removable cheek pads",
journal="Journal of trauma",
year="1998",
author="Sawada, Y. and Inokuchi, Sadaki and Nakajima, I. and Ichimura, Atsushi and Shida, M. and Nemoto, M.",
volume="45",
number="2",
pages="379-382",
abstract="BACKGROUND: The American College of Surgeons proposed a method of removing helmets. But the problem with full-face-type helmets is that their shape makes them difficult to remove. METHODS: A dummy doll was fixed to a smooth bed surface in the supine position, and a full-face-type helmet with a hook attached to the vertex was placed on the doll's head. A spring balance was attached to the hook, traction was applied to the helmet through the spring balance, and the maximum tension needed to completely remove the helmet was measured. RESULTS: A tension of 13.2 +/- 1.8 kg was found. But when cheek pads were removed, the tension required to remove the helmet was 1.7 +/- 0.2 kg. CONCLUSION: We devised a full-face-type helmet that uses removable cheek pads so that helmet removal can be performed safely by removing only the cheek pads in the event of an accident.",
language="",
issn="0022-5282",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}