@article{ref1,
title="Global collision-risk hotspots of marine traffic and the world's largest fish, the whale shark",
journal="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
year="2022",
author="Womersley, Freya C. and Humphries, Nicolas E. and Queiroz, Nuno and Vedor, Marisa and da Costa, Ivo and Furtado, Miguel and Tyminski, John P. and Abrantes, Katya and Araujo, Gonzalo and Bach, Steffen S. and Barnett, Adam and Berumen, Michael L. and Bessudo Lion, Sandra and Braun, Camrin D. and Clingham, Elizabeth and Cochran, Jesse E. M. and de la Parra, Rafael and Diamant, Stella and Dove, Alistair D. M. and Dudgeon, Christine L. and Erdmann, Mark V. and Espinoza, Eduardo and Fitzpatrick, Richard and Cano, Jaime González and Green, Jonathan R. and Guzman, Hector M. and Hardenstine, Royale and Hasan, Abdi and Hazin, Fábio H. V. and Hearn, Alex R. and Hueter, Robert E. and Jaidah, Mohammed Y. and Labaja, Jessica and Ladino, Felipe and Macena, Bruno C. L. and Morris, John J. Jr and Norman, Bradley M. and Peñaherrera-Palma, Cesar and Pierce, Simon J. and Quintero, Lina M. and Ramírez-Macías, Dení and Reynolds, Samantha D. and Richardson, Anthony J. and Robinson, David P. and Rohner, Christoph A. and Rowat, David R. L. and Sheaves, Marcus and Shivji, Mahmood S. and Sianipar, Abraham B. and Skomal, Gregory B. and Soler, German and Syakurachman, Ismail and Thorrold, Simon R. and Webb, D. Harry and Wetherbee, Bradley M. and White, Timothy D. and Clavelle, Tyler and Kroodsma, David A. and Thums, Michele and Ferreira, Luciana C. and Meekan, Mark G. and Arrowsmith, Lucy M. and Lester, Emily K. and Meyers, Megan M. and Peel, Lauren R. and Sequeira, Ana M. M. and Eguíluz, Victor M. and Duarte, Carlos M. and Sims, David W.",
volume="119",
number="20",
pages="e2117440119-e2117440119",
abstract="Significance: Global vessel traffic is increasing alongside world economic growth. The potential for rising lethal ship strikes on endangered species of marine megafauna, such as the plankton-feeding whale shark, remains poorly understood since areas of highest overlap are seldom determined across an entire species range. Here we show how satellite tracking whale sharks and large vessel movements globally provides a means to localize high-overlap areas and to determine how collision risk changes in time. Our results point to potential high levels of undetected or unreported ship strikes, which may explain why whale shark populations continue to decline despite protection and low fishing-induced mortality. Collision mitigations in high-collision-risk areas appear necessary to help conserve this iconic species.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0027-8424",
doi="10.1073/pnas.2117440119",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2117440119"
}